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Duplicação cromossômica de gramíneas forrageiras: uma alternativa para programas de melhoramento genético Ciência Rural
Pereira,Roselaine Cristina; Davide,Lisete Chamma; Techio,Vânia Helena; Timbó,Ana Luiza Oliveira.
A obtenção artificial de genótipos com duplicação cromossômica em forrageiras busca maximizar características de interesse agronômico, como valor nutricional e produção de forragem, resistência a pragas e doenças, tolerância a estresses abióticos e restauração da fertilidade de híbridos estéreis. Outro objetivo da duplicação cromossômica é a geração de variabilidade genética em espécies apomíticas, por meio da duplicação cromossômica de acessos sexuais igualando a ploidia de modo a permitir a realização de cruzamentos e a obtenção de descendentes férteis. A indução de poliploidia é feita utilizando substâncias antimitóticas, sendo a colchicina a mais amplamente usada em plantas forrageiras. Entretanto, devido a sua toxicidade, outras substâncias como...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other Palavras-chave: Poliploidização; Substâncias antimitóticas; Colchicina; Herbicidas; Cafeína; Explantes.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782012000700023
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Histogram score contributes for reliability of DNA content estimatives in Brachiaria spp Ciência e Agrotecnologia
Timbó,Ana Luiza de Oliveira; Pereira,Roselaine Cristina; Santos,Vanderley Borges dos; Souza Sobrinho,Fausto; Davide,Lisete Chamma.
Flow cytometry allows to estimate the DNA content of a large number of plants quickly. However, inadequate protocols can compromise the reliability of these estimates leading to variations in the values of DNA content the same species. The objective of this study was to propose an efficient protocol to estimate the DNA content of Brachiaria spp. genotypes with different ploidy levels using flow cytometry. We evaluated four genotypes (B. ruziziensis diploid and artificially tetraploidized; a tetraploid B. brizantha and a natural triploid hybrid), three buffer solutions (MgSO4, Galbraith and Tris-HCl) and three species as internal reference standards (Raphanus sativus, Solanum lycopersicum e Pisum sativum). The variables measured were: histogram score (1-5),...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Brachiaria ruziziensis; Brachiaria brizantha; Colchicine; Nuclear DNA content.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-70542012000600001
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Nuclear DNA content and chromosome number in Brachiaria spp. genotypes Rev. Ciênc. Agron.
Timbó,Ana Luiza de Oliveira; Pereira,Roselaine Cristina; Souza Sobrinho,Fausto; Davide,Lisete Chamma.
Breeding programs for Brachiaria spp. use both intraspecies and interspecies crosses between sexual and apomictic plants in order to obtain new cultivars with the desired characteristics. As there are different ploidy levels both within and between species of this genus, it becomes necessary to evaluate the genotypes used in breeding programs, as a guide to breeders when adopting crossing strategies. In this work, DNA content and chromosome number were determined in order to characterise ploidy levels in Brachiaria spp. genotypes. In the analysis of 15 genotypes, DNA content varied with the ploidy levels (2x, 3x and 4x), and between species and/or taxon. The average DNA content was 1.74 pg (2x) in B. ruziziensis, 3.74 pg (4x) in B. decumbens and 3.52 pg...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Germplasm bank; Cytogenetics; Flow cytometry; Forage.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1806-66902014000100008
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Obtaining tetraploid plants of ruzigrass (Brachiaria ruziziensis) R. Bras. Zootec.
Timbó,Ana Luiza de Oliveira; Souza,Patrícia Nirlane da Costa; Pereira,Roselaine Cristina; Nunes,Juliane Dornellas; Pinto,José Eduardo Brasil Pereira; Souza Sobrinho,Fausto de; Davide,Lisete Chamma.
The objective of the present work was to induce chromosome doubling in genotypes of Brachiaria ruziziensis with potential for production of good-quality biomass and tolerance/resistance to stress caused by aluminum and spittlebugs. Germinated seeds of B. ruziziensis were immersed in 0.1% colchicine solution for 2 or 3 hours. Ploidy level was determined by flow cytometry and confirmed by chromosome count. Fertility of the tetraploid plants was assessed through evaluation of pollen viability by staining. There was no statistical difference with regard to seedling survival and number of duplicate seedlings between the treatments. Survival rate was 8%, of which 11.45% were tetraploid genotypes. The mean viability of pollen grains from the evaluated tetraploid...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: DNA content; Forage plant breeding; Number of chromosomes; Polyploidy induction; Pollen viability.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982014000300004
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Stability in chromosome number and DNA content in synthetic tetraploids of Lolium multiflorum after two generations of selection Ciência Rural
Pereira,Roselaine Cristina; Santos,Natália de Souza; Bustamante,Fernanda de Oliveira; Mittelmann,Andrea; Techio,Vânia Helena.
ABSTRACT: Chromosome doubling of Italian ryegrass genotypes ( Lolium multiflorum Lam.) adapted to the brazilian edaphoclimatic conditions is an important strategy used by breeders and aims to obtain more vigorous genotypes with better forage quality and disease resistance. The effectiveness of chromosome doubling can be measured by genetic stability and fertility rates of plants over generations. However, a common problem in the polyploidization process is the regeneration of mixoploid plants that have impaired fertility and genetic stability. The objective of this study was to verify if progenies of recently tetraploidized plants remain stable regarding DNA content and chromosome number, over two generations. Progenies of L. multiflorum plants...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Chromosomal duplication; Mixoploidy; Italian ryegrass; Plant breeding.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782017000200401
Registros recuperados: 5
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